12,026 paralog pairs from most recent whole genome duplication.
39,642 gene models, with an average of 2.3 introns per gene.
That assembly and subsequent analysis have resulted in: The somatic genome has been sequenced by Genoscope using a whole genome shotgun approach.
dosage constraints seem to shape the gene repertoire.
explosive speciation followed the most recent whole genome duplication (15 sibling species of the P aurelia complex).
at least 3 whole genome duplications and an unprecedented number of paralogs related by whole genome duplication.
evolutionary consequences of whole genome duplication.
cortical pattern: related to prion heredity.
mating type and other characters are inherited maternally.
cytoplasmic non-Mendelian heredity and underlying homology-dependent mechanisms that involve non-coding RNA.
receptor- and ion channel-mediated cell signaling in response to environmental stimuli.
biogenesis of cilia and ciliary basal bodies (equivalent to centrioles).
somatic differentiation involving programmed rearrangements of the genome at each sexual generation.
complex functions characteristic of multi-cellular organisms.
Highly polyploid macronuclei express the genetic information but develop anew at each sexual generation, through extensive programmed rearrangements of the genome. Diploid but silent micronuclei undergo meiosis and transmit the genetic information to the next sexual generation. Ciliates are the only unicellular organisms that separate germinal and somatic functions. Paramecium is a unicellular eukaryote that belongs to the ciliate phylum.
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